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# Strings

TODO

xxx concat

xxx index and slice 1-up

xxx lib functions

always double-quote

single-quote for shell; see windows page

dot operator ...

Escape sequences for string literals

You can use the following backslash escapes for strings such as between the double quotes in contexts such as mlr filter '$name =~ "..."', mlr put '$name = $othername . "..."', mlr put '$name = sub($name, "...", "..."), etc.:

  • \a: ASCII code 0x07 (alarm/bell)
  • \b: ASCII code 0x08 (backspace)
  • \f: ASCII code 0x0c (formfeed)
  • \n: ASCII code 0x0a (LF/linefeed/newline)
  • \r: ASCII code 0x0d (CR/carriage return)
  • \t: ASCII code 0x09 (tab)
  • \v: ASCII code 0x0b (vertical tab)
  • \\: backslash
  • \": double quote
  • \123: Octal 123, etc. for \000 up to \377
  • \x7f: Hexadecimal 7f, etc. for \x00 up to \xff

See also https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escape_sequences_in_C.

These replacements apply only to strings you key in for the DSL expressions for filter and put: that is, if you type \t in a string literal for a filter/put expression, it will be turned into a tab character. If you want a backslash followed by a t, then please type \\t.

However, these replacements are done automatically only for string literals within DSL expressions -- they are not done automatically to fields within your data stream. If you wish to make these replacements, you can do (for example) mlr put '$field = gsub($field, "\\t", "\t")'. If you need to make such a replacement for all fields in your data, you should probably use the system sed command instead.