diff --git a/.changeset/little-clouds-call.md b/.changeset/little-clouds-call.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..833cf647a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changeset/little-clouds-call.md
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+"@uppy/tus": major
+---
+
+@uppy/tus: don't abort the request on error, so the server response (status + body) is forwarded to the `upload-error` event and `file.response` instead of being reset to status `0`.
diff --git a/packages/@uppy/tus/src/index.test.ts b/packages/@uppy/tus/src/index.test.ts
index 206dffefd..1a46170e4 100644
--- a/packages/@uppy/tus/src/index.test.ts
+++ b/packages/@uppy/tus/src/index.test.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,51 @@
-import Core from '@uppy/core'
-import { describe, expect, expectTypeOf, it } from 'vitest'
+import Core, { type UppyEventMap } from '@uppy/core'
+import { describe, expect, expectTypeOf, it, vi } from 'vitest'
 import Tus, { type TusBody } from './index.js'
 
+// Shared fake XHR object — must be declared via vi.hoisted so it's available
+// inside the vi.mock factory (which is hoisted before imports).
+const { fakeXhr } = vi.hoisted(() => ({
+  fakeXhr: {
+    status: 403,
+    responseText: JSON.stringify({
+      message: 'File cannot be uploaded as the BIN content type is disallowed!',
+      status_code: 403,
+    }),
+  },
+}))
+
+// Mock tus-js-client so the upload-error test never touches the network.
+// The mock Upload fires onError immediately with a fake DetailedError.
+vi.mock('tus-js-client', async (importOriginal) => {
+  const actual = await importOriginal<typeof import('tus-js-client')>()
+  class MockUpload {
+    private options: Record<string, any>
+
+    constructor(_file: any, options: Record<string, any>) {
+      this.options = options
+    }
+
+    start() {
+      const err = Object.assign(new Error('tus: server responded with 403'), {
+        originalResponse: {
+          getStatus: () => 403,
+          getUnderlyingObject: () => fakeXhr,
+        },
+        originalRequest: null,
+      })
+      setTimeout(() => this.options.onError(err), 0)
+    }
+
+    abort() {}
+
+    // ponytail: tus calls this before start(); return empty so no resume logic runs
+    findPreviousUploads() {
+      return Promise.resolve([])
+    }
+  }
+  return { ...actual, Upload: MockUpload }
+})
+
 describe('Tus', () => {
   it('Throws errors if autoRetry option is true', () => {
     const uppy = new Core()
@@ -44,4 +88,40 @@ describe('Tus', () => {
       { xhr: XMLHttpRequest } | undefined
     >()
   })
+
+  describe('upload-error response', () => {
+    it('sends the server response over the upload-error event', async () => {
+      const core = new Core<any, TusBody>()
+      core.use(Tus, {
+        endpoint: 'https://fake-endpoint.uppy.io/files/',
+        retryDelays: [],
+      })
+      const id = core.addFile({
+        type: 'application/octet-stream',
+        source: 'test',
+        name: 'test.bin',
+        data: new Blob([new Uint8Array(1024)]),
+      })
+
+      const event = new Promise<
+        Parameters<UppyEventMap<any, TusBody>['upload-error']>
+      >((resolve) => {
+        core.once('upload-error', (...args) => resolve(args))
+      })
+
+      await Promise.all([
+        core.upload().catch(() => {
+          // Core rejects the upload; we assert on the event/state instead.
+        }),
+        event.then(([, , response]) => {
+          expect(response?.status).toBe(403)
+          expect(JSON.parse(response!.body!.xhr.responseText).message).toBe(
+            'File cannot be uploaded as the BIN content type is disallowed!',
+          )
+        }),
+      ])
+
+      expect(core.getFile(id).response?.status).toBe(403)
+    })
+  })
 })
diff --git a/packages/@uppy/tus/src/index.ts b/packages/@uppy/tus/src/index.ts
index 2929cb76e..65b4bb196 100644
--- a/packages/@uppy/tus/src/index.ts
+++ b/packages/@uppy/tus/src/index.ts
@@ -164,13 +164,28 @@ export default class Tus<M extends Meta, B extends Body> extends BasePlugin<
    * Clean up all references for a file's upload: the tus.Upload instance,
    * any events related to the file, and the Companion WebSocket connection.
    */
-  resetUploaderReferences(fileID: string, opts?: { abort: boolean }): void {
+  resetUploaderReferences(
+    fileID: string,
+    opts?: {
+      /** Terminate the upload on the server (sends a `DELETE` request). */
+      abort?: boolean
+      /**
+       * Abort the underlying request. Defaults to `true`. Set to `false` when
+       * the request has already completed (e.g. in the error handler), so the
+       * underlying `xhr` — and thus the server response — is preserved instead
+       * of being reset by `abort()`.
+       */
+      abortRequest?: boolean
+    },
+  ): void {
     const uploader = this.uploaders[fileID]
     if (uploader) {
-      uploader.abort()
+      if (opts?.abortRequest !== false) {
+        uploader.abort()
 
-      if (opts?.abort) {
-        uploader.abort(true)
+        if (opts?.abort) {
+          uploader.abort(true)
+        }
       }
 
       this.uploaders[fileID] = null
@@ -219,6 +234,12 @@ export default class Tus<M extends Meta, B extends Body> extends BasePlugin<
   ): Promise<tus.Upload | string> {
     this.resetUploaderReferences(file.id)
 
+    // Captured in `onError` and forwarded to the `upload-error` event in the
+    // `.catch` below, so consumers can read the failing server response.
+    let errorResponse:
+      | Omit<NonNullable<UppyFile<M, B>['response']>, 'uploadURL'>
+      | undefined
+
     // Create a new tus upload
     return new Promise<tus.Upload | string>((resolve, reject) => {
       let queuedRequest: ReturnType<RateLimitedQueue['run']>
@@ -291,6 +312,23 @@ export default class Tus<M extends Meta, B extends Body> extends BasePlugin<
       uploadOptions.onError = (err) => {
         this.uppy.log(err)
 
+        // tus-js-client only calls `onError` once it has given up retrying, so
+        // the request has already completed. Capture the server response (status
+        // + body) and forward it to the `upload-error` event and `file.response`,
+        // mirroring the shape emitted by `onSuccess`.
+        const originalResponse = (err as tus.DetailedError).originalResponse
+        if (originalResponse != null) {
+          errorResponse = {
+            status: originalResponse.getStatus(),
+            body: {
+              // We have to put `as XMLHttpRequest` because tus-js-client
+              // returns `any`, as the type differs in Node.js and the browser.
+              // In the browser it's always `XMLHttpRequest`.
+              xhr: originalResponse.getUnderlyingObject() as XMLHttpRequest,
+            } as unknown as B,
+          }
+        }
+
         const xhr =
           (err as tus.DetailedError).originalRequest != null
             ? (err as tus.DetailedError).originalRequest.getUnderlyingObject()
@@ -299,7 +337,11 @@ export default class Tus<M extends Meta, B extends Body> extends BasePlugin<
           err = new NetworkError(err, xhr)
         }
 
-        this.resetUploaderReferences(file.id)
+        // Do not abort the request here: it has already completed, and aborting
+        // it would reset the underlying `xhr` (status `0`, empty body) and
+        // discard the response we just captured. We still drop our references
+        // and remove the event listeners.
+        this.resetUploaderReferences(file.id, { abortRequest: false })
         queuedRequest?.abort()
 
         if (typeof opts.onError === 'function') {
@@ -516,7 +558,10 @@ export default class Tus<M extends Meta, B extends Body> extends BasePlugin<
         queuedRequest = this.requests.run(qRequest)
       })
     }).catch((err) => {
-      this.uppy.emit('upload-error', file, err)
+      // `errorResponse` is captured in the `onError` handler above (the request
+      // is intentionally not aborted there), so the server response is still
+      // available here to forward to the `upload-error` event.
+      this.uppy.emit('upload-error', file, err, errorResponse)
       throw err
     })
   }